Global trade rules are rapidly shifting due to trade tensions and geopolitical conflicts, forcing Thai SMEs—which currently represent only 13-15% of export volume—to urgently adapt. Thailand is accelerating free trade negotiations with EFTA and other partners to open new markets, but SMEs face multiple barriers: new standards covering sustainability and supply chain transparency, limited credit access (declining for 16 consecutive quarters), and lack of production systems to meet stricter requirements. The government is establishing adaptation funds and coordinating with SME councils to bridge the gap between market access and business readiness.