Thailand's government is transforming agricultural waste into an economic opportunity to combat PM 2.5 pollution in the North. Through the "Northern Innovation" initiative, agricultural residue is being converted into raw materials that generate income for farmers while reducing crop burning. In the first four months, 33 tonnes of waste were recovered, preventing 270 kg of PM 2.5 and creating 1.61 million baht in value. The program targets 3 billion baht in value creation over five years through a coordinated ecosystem of farmers, cooperatives, private sector buyers, and logistics providers.