Global population aging is reshaping 21st-century economics. Elderly (65+) proportion rising from 7% globally today to 20.7% by 2074; Thailand already at 15%. While aging reduces labor supply and growth potential, it unlocks major business opportunities: healthcare demand surging, "Silver Economy" targeting affluent seniors (travel, wellness, insurance), and automation/AI adoption accelerating in labor-scarce nations. Thailand SMEs should position for healthcare, aged-care services, and senior-focused consumer goods.