Thailand's 2025 PISA results show students scoring below OECD averages in science (342 points), mathematics (407), reading (329), and computational problem-solving (467). A 25-year trend analysis reveals overall decline in math and reading, with persistent performance gaps between top and bottom learners. Deputy Education Minister notes the results highlight gaps in global competitiveness as the country pursues OECD membership. 17% of Thai students show resilience despite socioeconomic disadvantage, and 59% meet baseline science proficiency—but significant policy upgrades are needed to close equity and achievement gaps.