Thailand's Department of Business Development has identified 36,277 juristic persons with foreign investment holding Thai land titles, concentrated in Bangkok, tourist zones (Chonburi leading), and EEC areas. Of these, 31,516 entities (with foreign stake ≤49%) are flagged as high-risk for "nominee" schemes—where Thais nominally own shares but foreigners provide capital. Enforcement includes forced sale within 180 days and penalties up to 3 years imprisonment or 1 million baht fines under the Foreign Business Act.